You have to have the 'dgraph.type" in your dataset and also define the Type Schema.
e.g:
{
set {
_:test <name> "test" .
_:test <dgraph.type> "User". .
_:test_1 <name> "test_1" .
_:test_1 <dgraph.type> "User" .
_:test <rel> _:test_1 .
}
}
And add the Type Definition
type User {
name
rel
}
Now you are able to delete with the patterns you used.