Not sure what is in your docker-compose. But in general you have to use the container name as part of the URI. Try to use like this.
docker run dgraph/dgraph:shuri \
dgraph live -a alpha:9080 -z zero:5080\
-f export/dgraph.r10176.u0812.1442/g01.rdf.gz
But this command feels odd. Are you sure that dgraph.r10176.u0812.1442/g01.rdf.gz will be there? is this a new container or part of the docker-compose? if part of it, you should use docker exec instead.